Implementation of Construction Services Procurement at the Vocational High School Center of Excellence (SMK PK) in DKI Jakarta

: In the era of the development of the industrial world, construction services in the world of education, especially in Central High Schools of Excellence, are very intensively carried out in order to achieve the objectives of the SMK PK program, namely to improve the quality of human resources through government assistance which focuses on student practice rooms and industrial standards. The fulfillment of these facilities and infrastructure is carried out by procuring in accordance with the reference, namely Permendikbud No.18 of 2022. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge and information related to good procurement procedures and ethics carried out by SMK PK. The method used is literature review. The results show that the facilities and infrastructure at SMK PK are very good because they are followed by the implementation of procurement according to procedures and ethics. Starting from planning, determining providers, making agreements, and carrying out procurement in accordance with Permendikbud No.18 of 2022.

According to Presidential Regulation Number 2015, the procurement of goods and services is an activity to obtain goods / services by ministries, units or regional / institutional work agencies whose process starts from planning needs until the completion of all activities to obtain goods / services.In the world of education, the mechanism for procuring goods/services in schools is regulated in Permendikbud No.18 of 2022 concerning Guidelines for Procurement of Goods and Services in Education Units.Schools get the authority to manage funds sourced from APBN / APBD in the form of procuring various needs needed, following the procurement process of goods and services according to applicable methods and procedures by applying the principles of Goods / Services Procurement, namely the principles of efficient, effective, transparent, open, competitive, fair, and accountable.
In the world of education in Vocational High Schools, which is currently undergoing development and improvement of school facilities and facilities, is the Vocational High School Center of Excellence (SMK PK).SMK Centers of Excellence are SMK programs with certain expertise competencies in improving quality and performance, which are strengthened through partnerships and alignment with the business world, the industrial world, the world of work, and eventually become reference SMKs that can function as driving schools and centers for improving the quality and performance of other SMKs (Kemendikbud, 2021).
As one of the pioneer schools and a school that prioritizes improving facilities and infrastructure, the implementation of construction service procurement activities is very important to improve the quality of comfort in learning (Dharminder, 2021;Marcelline, 2022bMarcelline, , 2022a;;Wang, 2022;Zhou, 2021).In the implementation of construction service procurement activities, choosing the right type of service procurement will facilitate the service procurement process at a later stage.
The accuracy of decision makers in choosing the type of procurement will have an impact on the rapid achievement of activities.Conversely, if in planning the type of service procurement there is an error or lack of care in determining the quality, quantity, time, cost, location, and Provider, the impact will be felt in the obstruction of the implementation of the achievement of activities and result in the work ending not optimal.Failures that often occur here are caused by risk factors that are not anticipated from the start, starting from https://edu.pubmedia.id/index.php/jtpplanning, organizing, implementing and controlling which are still less than optimal and less strict in implementation (Chasanah & Sulistyowati, 2018).
Based on the explanation above, especially regarding the implementation of construction services procurement at the SMK Center of Excellence, this article will examine the implementation procedures and ethics of construction services procurement at the SMK Center of Excellence based on Permendikbud No.10 of 2022.

Methodology
This research method uses a literature study research method.Literature review is obtained through various documents or previous research journals that support this research to be used as references in finding data.Data retrieval is done by using or taking part or all of a set of data that has been recorded and all data obtained, then compiled, analyzed, and concluded so that conclusions are obtained about the literature review (Melfianora, 2017).Towards point number 5 is one of the objectives that is being carried out and developed in each SMK PK school, especially in Jakarta, because the target of the SMK PK program is to meet the needs of the Student Practice Room (RPS).

SMK
Educational facilities and infrastructure are one of the indispensable educational resources.Facilities and infrastructure include buildings, land, administrative equipment to facilities that are used directly in the learning process.With the existence of educational facilities and infrastructure, teaching and learning activities become more meaningful and quality and fun (Megasari, 2021).However, with the limitations of facilities and infrastructure in schools, of course, it will later affect student learning outcomes.This is in line with the statement of Hakim (2020) which reveals that the process of implementing education in schools and learning problems is not only faced by the educators concerned, but is also supported by the existence and completeness of educational facilities and infrastructure.
https://edu.pubmedia.id/index.php/jtpIn order to achieve the needs and fulfill the targets of the SMK PK program, all schools can meet the needs of facilities and infrastructure through procurement.Procurement of goods/services in schools is financed by the APBN/APBD, both self-managed and by goods/services providers.In its implementation, the procurement of construction services in the fulfillment of school facilities and infrastructure has a procedural basis, namely Permendibud No.18 of 2022.The stages of procurement of goods / services by the education unit, through stages:

1) Procurement Preparation
Procurement preparation is an activity to determine the PBJ planning document of the Education Unit, which at least contains; (1) Number of Goods / Services, (2) Specifications / scope of goods / services, (3) Time and location of handover, (4) Budget allocation, and (5) Provider requirements.
Procurement preparation as referred to in paragraph (1) may be excluded for the procurement of goods/services with a maximum value of Rp1,000,000.00(one million rupiah).

2)
Determination of Provider https://edu.pubmedia.id/index.php/jtpDetermination of Providers as referred to in Article 11 letter b includes: (A) Selection and determination of prospective Providers (1) Selection and determination of prospective Providers as referred to in Article L4 paragraph (1) letter a, for the procurement of goods/services with a value of more than Rp 200,000,000.00(two hundred million rupiah) must be carried out through a comparison of the price and quality of goods/services with at least 3 (three) prospective Providers. (2) In the event that the number of prospective Providers is limited and there are only 2 (two) prospective Providers, the comparison of prices and quality of goods/services as referred to in paragraph (1) may be carried out with 2 (two) prospective Providers.
(3) In the event that the number of prospective Providers is limited and there is only 1 (one) prospective Provider, the selection and determination of prospective Providers for the procurement of goods/services worth more than Rp 200,000,000.00(two hundred million rupiah), must be carried out through negotiations on the price of goods/services with prospective Providers.
Determination of Providers as referred to in Article 14 paragraph (1) letter a includes: (1) Selection and determination of prospective Providers as referred to in Article 14 paragraph (1) letter a for the procurement of goods/services with a value of more than Rp50,000,000.00(fifty million rupiah) up to Rp200,000,000.00 (two hundred million rupiah) must be carried out through a comparison of the price and quality of goods/services with at least 2 (two) prospective Providers. (2) In the event that the number of prospective Providers is limited and there is only 1 (one) prospective Provider, the selection and determination of prospective Providers for the procurement of goods/services worth more than Rp50,000,000.O0 (fifty million rupiah) up to Rp200,000,000.00 (two hundred million rupiah), must be carried out through negotiations on the price of goods/services with prospective Providers.
(3) Selection and determination of prospective Providers for the procurement of goods/services with a value of up to Rp50,000,000.00(fifty million rupiah) may be carried out through comparison of prices and quality of goods/services or negotiation of prices of goods/services with prospective Providers.
(B) Making a Procurement Agreement.
Making a procurement agreement as referred to in Article 14 paragraph (1) letter b is carried out based on an agreement between the Implementer and the Provider as evidenced by an agreement.

3)
Implementation of the Procurement Agreement https://edu.pubmedia.id/index.php/jtp The implementation of the procurement agreement as referred to includes: In its implementation, the procurement of goods / services basically involves two parties, namely the user of goods / services and the provider of goods / services who have different desires or interests, even Marbun (2020) calls it a conflicting interest.It is said to be conflicting because on the one hand, the user wants to obtain goods / services at the cheapest possible price, while on the other hand the provider wants to get the highest profit.
Ethics in the procurement of goods / services is the good behavior of all parties involved in the procurement process.Ethics are values or moral norms that guide a person or group in regulating their behavior.Good behavior is the existence of mutual respect for the duties and functions of each party, acting professionally and not influencing each other for despicable purposes or for personal and/or group interests to the detriment of other parties.
Procurement ethics are professional guidelines for individual procurement executors who are responsible for carrying out the duties and activities of goods / services procurement.According to Siahaya (2022) that the principle of procurement ethics is to uphold integrity, honor, dignity and improve the competence and professionalism and be honest and fair to every procurement executor.
The parties involved in the implementation of goods / services procurement as stipulated in article 6 of Presidential Regulation 54 of 2010, as last amended by Presidential Regulation Number 4 of 2015 must fulfill the following ethics: 1. Carry out tasks in an orderly manner, with responsibility to achieve goals, smoothness and accuracy in achieving the objectives of goods / services procurement.
https://edu.pubmedia.id/index.php/jtp2. Work professionally and independently, and maintain the confidentiality of goods / services procurement documents which by their nature must be kept confidential to prevent irregularities in the procurement of goods / services.
3.Not influencing each other either directly or indirectly which results in unfair competition.
4. Accept and be responsible for all decisions made in accordance with the written agreement of the parties.
5. Avoid and prevent conflicts of interest of the parties involved, either directly or indirectly in the procurement process.
6. Avoid and prevent waste and leakage of state finances in the procurement of goods/services.
7. Avoiding and preventing abuse of authority and / or collusion with the aim of personal, group or other party interests which directly or indirectly harm the state.
8.Not accepting, not offering or not promising to give or receive gifts, rewards, commissions, rebates or in the form of anything from or to anyone who is known or suspected to be related to the procurement of goods / services.
Therefore, carrying out procurement, especially the procurement of construction services at SMK PK schools, needs to know good procurement procedures and adhere to ethical procurement principles.For the parties involved in the procurement of services, it plays an important role to ensure the implementation of service procurement that meets the procurement principles.This is because the procurement of services can be a vulnerable point for Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism (KKN) practices, so there needs to be an effort to improve the quality of the implementation of goods / services procurement.One of the efforts that can be made is of course increasing the professionalism of procurement actors in order to increase facilities and infrastructure in industrial standard SMK PK schools.

Conclusion
Based on the results of collecting literature data, it can be concluded that the implementation of the procurement of construction services at the Center for Excellence Vocational High School (SMK PK) in Dki Jakarta in meeting the needs of its facilities and infrastructure is carried out with procedures in accordance with Permedikbud No.18 of 2022.Where, procurement activities begin with planning, namely by making a Cost Budget Draft, determining providers through auction, direct appointment or self-management, implementing procurement agreements, and implementing procurement supported by supporting documents such as Price Request Letters, Comparison Results, Negotiation Results, Order Letters, Work Orders, Work Inspection Results, Minutes of Work Results, Minutes of Handover of Work Results, and Proof of Payment.In addition, in line with the implementation of procurement, it must be based on procurement ethics where there are eight points in it with the aim of upholding integrity, honor, dignity and increasing competence and professionalism and being honest and fair to every procurement implementer.
With the implementation of the procurement of construction services at SMK PK in accordance with procurement procedures and ethics, it is hoped that it can improve facilities and infrastructure at SMK PK schools with industrial standards.
Center of Excellence is a vocational development program that has the function of becoming a driving school and a center for improving the quality and performance of other vocational schools.SMK PK has objectives, namely (1) socialization; (2) training of SMK Principals, school supervisors and SMK teachers; (3) training of SMK PK program assistants; (4) learning and assessment at SMK PK program implementers; (5) improving the quality of facilities and infrastructure that support workforce-standard learning; (6) utilizing technology platforms; and (7) implementing assistance for principals and teachers at SMK PK program implementers, as well as school supervisors.
Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2022, Procurement of Goods/Services by Education Unit, hereinafter referred to as PBJ Education Unit, is the procurement of goods/services by the Education Unit through Providers financed by funds managed by the Education Unit.The principles of PBJ of the Education Unit are implemented based on the principles of: (1) Efficient, (2) Effective, (3) Transparent, (4) Open, (5) Competitive, and (6) Accountable.In implementing the PBJ of the Education Unit, each PBJ actor of the Education Unit as referred to in Article Permendikbudristek Number 18 of 2022 Article 6 is responsible for: a. Implementing Education Unit PBJ in accordance with the principles of Education Unit PBJ; b.Work professionally, independently, and maintain the confidentiality of information that by its nature must be kept confidential to prevent irregularities in the PBJ of the Education Unit; c.Not influencing each other directly or indirectly which results in unfair business competition in the PBJ of Education Unit; d.Accepting and being responsible for all decisions made in accordance with the Education Unit PBJ agreement; e. Avoiding and preventing conflict of interest of related parties, either directly or indirectly, which results in unfair business competition in the PBJ of Education Unit; f.Avoiding and preventing waste and financial leakage of the Education Unit; and g.Avoiding and preventing abuse of authority and/or collusion in the PBJ of Education Unit.
/Services Procurement by Education Unit PBJ of the Education Unit implemented must be accompanied by evidence of PBJ of the Education Unit.Evidence of PBJ Education Unit as intended, includes: