Integrating Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) In Foreign Language Teacher Training: A Pathway to Modernization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47134/ptk.v2i3.1606Keywords:
Teacher Training, Modernization, ICT In Education, Online Learning, Digital Literacy, Competency-Based Education, Rural Education, Digital Divide, Educational TechnologyAbstract
Modernization in teacher training emphasizes updating instructional strategies, curricula, and methodologies to meet contemporary educational needs. Integrating innovative technologies enhances teaching effectiveness and student engagement, while competency-based approaches support differentiated and inclusive instruction. In this article highlights of information and communication technology (ICT) plays a crucial role in transforming education by facilitating interactive learning, distance education, and administrative efficiency. Additionally, ICT supports remote and self-paced learning, offering accessibility and flexibility, particularly in higher education. However, excites of challenges such as digital literacy gaps, inadequate infrastructure, and reliance on technology over traditional pedagogical methods persist. In rural areas, limited access to technology and internet connectivity exacerbates educational and economic disparities, restricting learning opportunities and digital engagement. Addressing these challenges requires targeted policies, infrastructure development, and continuous professional training to maximize ICT’s potential in education.
References
Abazi-Bexheti, L., Jajaga, E., Abazi-Alili, H., Kadriu, A., & Apostolova-Trpkovska, M. (2017). A Google Classroom-Based Learning Management System: Empirical Evidence from SEEU. 3(1), 340–348. https://proceedings.entrenova.org/entrenova/article/view/186
Aleksandrowska, O., & Stanulewicz, D. (2020). Internetowa platforma do nauki języków Duolingo – opinie użytkowników. 125–144. https://doi.org/10.14746/N.2020.55.1.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/n.2020.55.1.8
ALIMBETOVA, M. (2024). The impact of authentic texts in second language instruction.
Alqarawi, R. A. A. (2024). Utilizing e-Communities of Practice for Enhanced Teacher Professional Development. Maǧallaẗ Al-Dirasāt Al-Tarbawīyyaẗ Wa Al-Insānīyyaẗ, 16(3), 1035–1058. https://doi.org/10.21608/jehs.2024.385481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/jehs.2024.385481
Amri, I., Bani Sagalane, A., Kurniawan, L. S., & Julianto, A. (2024). Legal and Ethical Challenges in Digital Health Data Privacy: Navigating Patient Rights and Data Security in Telemedicine. Global International Journal of Innovative Research, 2(11), 2663–2675. https://doi.org/10.59613/global.v2i11.363 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59613/global.v2i11.363
Andriichuk, T., Shostak, I., Indrika, R., Botuzova, Y., & Donii, N. (2024). Training teachers to work in the conditions of digital transformation of education. https://doi.org/10.33543/140139194198 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33543/140139194198
Aybolgan T. Borasheva. (2023). THE VALUE OF FLIPPED LEARNING IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS: ITS BENEFITS AND DRAWBACKS. Mental Enlightenment Scientific-Methodological Journal, 4(02), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.37547/mesmj-V4-I2-08
Badoi-Hammami, M. (2023). The reality of practical training programs for teachers in light of technological development and continuous modern innovations: challenges and opportunities. Journal Plus Education, 33(Special Issue), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.24250/jpe/si/2023/mbh/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.24250/jpe/SI/2023/MBH/
Basu, P., Basuki, A., Thamrin, A. H., Okawa, K., & Murai, J. (2013). Collaborating Remote Computer Laboratory and Distance Learning Approach for Hands-on IT Education. Journal of Information Processing, 21(1), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.2197/IPSJJIP.21.67 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2197/ipsjjip.21.67
Bharti, R., Pomal, K., Ahmed, M., & Singh, C. B. (2024). Transformative Impact of ICT on Education: Leveraging Technology and Communication to Enhance Teaching and Learning. Deleted Journal, 1(3), 131–141. https://doi.org/10.62569/fijc.v1i3.39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62569/fijc.v1i3.39
Chidi, C. (2024). ICTs as Tools for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Conceptual Overview. Nigerian Libraries. https://doi.org/10.61955/uunhnw DOI: https://doi.org/10.61955/UUNHNW
Delgado García, A. M., & Torrubia Chalmeta, B. (2016). Equalizing Educational Opportunities by ICT. International Association for Development of the Information Society. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED571475.pdf
Deryabin, Y. A. (2020). Technological partnership of industrial enterprises with higher education organizations. 18(4), 67–74. https://doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2020.18(4).67-74 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2020.18(4).67-74
Duggi, N., Bhadri, S., & Varala, C. R. (2025). Gaps in the Grid: Access and the Digital Inequality Crisis. 152–162. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-10-5/ch13 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48859-10-5/CH13
Durodolu, M., Mashiya, N., Xulu, S., & Durodolu, O. O. (2024). The Role of Professional Development in Improving Foundation Phase Teachers’ ICT Competence. Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership Book Series, 135–152. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1692-5.ch006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-1692-5.ch006
Dybach, I. (2024). Features of the Formation of Cross-Cultural Communication Skills in IT Business. https://doi.org/10.55295/psl.2024.i24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55295/PSL.2024.I24
Englmeier, K. (2024). Insights Gained from Integrating Self-Paced Learning into Digital Learning Environments. AHFE International, 158. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005550 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005550
Farhaan, S. H., Hasan, M. M., Ghani, F. M., & Mansoor, N. (2024). Enhancing Student Engagement and Performance Evaluation: An Integrated Approach for Quality Learning Management System (pp. 221–231). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8346-9_19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8346-9_19
Ferdousi, B. (2023). Challenges of technology accessibility, computer self-efficacy, computer anxiety and cyberphobia in adoption of e-learning systems among students. https://doi.org/10.69554/jwpc8265 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69554/JWPC8265
Filonenko, O. S., Demchenko, N. M., & Samoilenko, O. A. (2022). Modernization of practical preparation as an integral component of the future teacher training system. Наукові Записки Ніжинського Державного Університету Ім. Миколи Гоголя, 1, 111–115. https://doi.org/10.31654/2663-4902-2022-pp-1-111-115 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31654/2663-4902-2022-PP-1-111-115
Frytsiuk, V., Hubina, S., & Morkvyshena, M. (2024). The use of modern ICT in distance training of future educators for professional self-development. Педевтологія, 2(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.31652/3041-1203-2024(1)-59-66 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31652/3041-1203-2024(1)-59-66
Gajda, K. (2024). Aplikacje mobilne w akademickiej dydaktyce językowej na przykładzie wykorzystania platformy Duolingo w nauczaniu języka rosyjskiego. Neofilolog. https://doi.org/10.14746/n.2024.62.1.19 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/n.2024.62.1.19
Garg, B. (2021). Role of Online English Language Learning in Enhancing Linguistic Skills. 1(01). https://spast.org/techrep/article/view/3429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1149/10701.8703ecst
Garrido Bustamante, S. P., Apolinario Tahua, A. V., Amasifuen Ochavano, D., Macedo Amasifuen, A. A., & Gonzales Castillo, W. J. (2024). Integration Of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) In the Monitoring and Management of The Prevalence of Anemia in Immediate Post-Mart Women Cared for At the Barranca Hospital – 2019. International Journal of Religion, 5(11), 6176–6191. https://doi.org/10.61707/feqrgb86 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61707/feqrgb86
Gaur, V. (2025). Teacher training in lifelong learning—the importance of digital competence in the encouragement of teaching innovation. The Business & Management Review, 15(03). https://doi.org/10.24052/bmr/v15nu03/art-24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24052/BMR/V15NU03/ART-24
Hummel, S., Bohlinger, S., & Sheehan, B. (2024). Modern Pedagogies in the Digital Era: Elevating Educational Standards in Teacher Education (pp. 67–78). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43306-2_5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43306-2_5
ICT Tools for Language, Literacy, and Early Childhood (pp. 73–92). (2022). Chapman and Hall/CRC eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003254942-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003254942-6
Igbongidi, P. B. (2023). Promoting Partnership between Universities and Industries in Business Education Programme. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, VII(V), 451–456. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70537 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2023.70537
Jagtap, A., Khartalkar, P. S., Choudhary, V., Mojidra, K. P., Musale, Prof. J., & More, P. A. (2025). Personalized Adaptive Learning Technologies Based on AI-ML. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5086667 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5086667
Jongebloed, H., Anderson, K., Winter, N., Nguyen, L., Huggins, C. E., Savira, F., Cooper, P., Yuen, E., Peeters, A., Rasmussen, B., Reddy, S., Crowe, S., Bhoyroo, R., Muhammad, I., & Ugalde, A. (2024). The digital divide in rural and regional communities: a survey on the use of digital health technology and implications for supporting technology use. BMC Research Notes, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-024-06687-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-024-06687-x
Jose, B. C., Kumar, M., UdayaBanu, T., & Nagalakshmi, M. (2024). Assessing the Effectiveness of Adaptive Learning Systems in K-12 Education. 01(01). https://doi.org/10.69942/1920184/20240101/02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.69942/1920184/20240101/02
Joseph, B. (2024). Transformative role of artificial intelligence in global communication: minimising misinformation, disinformation, cultural diversity and fostering global understanding. 2(03), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.36349/lajocse.2024.v02i03.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36349/lajocse.2024.v02i03.003
Kampermann, A., Opdenakker, R. J. G., van der Heijden, B., & Bücker, J. J. L. E. (2021). Intercultural Competencies for Fostering Technology-Mediated Collaboration in Developing Countries. Sustainability, 13(14), 7790. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13147790 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147790
Laitinen‐Väänänen, S., Parjanen, S., Hyypiä, M., Cattáneo, A., & de Jong, F. (2024). The essential factors in higher education – Industry collaboration when developing video-supported collaborative learning. Industry and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222241299693 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222241299693
Lan, D. H., & Oanh, V. T. K. (2024). Understanding Educators’ Hesitation to Adopt Tailored Digital Gamification. Psychological Science and Education, 29(6), 67–80. https://doi.org/10.17759/pse.2024290605 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17759/pse.2024290605
Mahmudi, I. S., Mas’ula, M., & Purnamawati, P. (2022). Efektivitas manajemen pembelajaran dengan metode blended learning melalui jejaring moodle dan google class room pasca covid 19. Edutech, 2(2), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.51878/edutech.v2i2.1208 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51878/edutech.v2i2.1208
Maryana, M., Halim, C., & Rahmi, H. (2024). The Impact of Gamification on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes in Mathematics Education. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 5(2), 1697–1608. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i2.682 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i2.682
Masruroh, U., Firdaus, R., Fitriawan, H., & Yulianti, D. (2024). Development Study of Technology-Based Adaptive Learning Modules for Students with Special Needs. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pembelajaran, 9(3), 526. https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v9i3.12250 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/jtp.v9i3.12250
ME, L., Devi G, S., Shuba, S., Sneha, K., & Sofiya, S. (2024). Adaptive Learning Management System. https://doi.org/10.59544/pqyl6304/icrcct24p39 DOI: https://doi.org/10.59544/PQYL6304/ICRCCT24P39
Melnyk, O., & Koroban, O. (2024). The role of innovative technologies in the formation of intercultural competence of future computer technology teachers vocational education in the conditions of internationalization. Збірник Наукових Праць Уманського Державного Педагогічного Університету Імені Павла Тичини, 2, 104–111. https://doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.2.2024.306337 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31499/2307-4906.2.2024.306337
Meng, X., Sun, S., & Ding, X. (2023). Can network infrastructure development help farmers cross the “digital divide”? https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3318213/v1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3318213/v1
Mikhail, M., & Hayajneh, H. (2024). University-Industry Partnerships to Enhance Engineering Education. https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2-116-48778 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2-116-48778
Mishra, S., & Sahoo, S. (2023). ICT for Personal and Professional Development of Teacher. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i04.5325 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i04.5325
Mkhonto, B. S., & Mubangizi, B. C. (2024). Digital Divide or Digital Bridge? Evaluating the Impact of ICT Integration in South Africa’s Rural Schools. International Journal of Social Science Research and Review, 7(7), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v7i7.2142 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v7i7.2142
Mobility and language learning: using online platforms for learning foreign languages. (2023). Lûdinoznavčì Studìï, 48, 224–228. https://doi.org/10.24919/2413-2039.16/48.33 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24919/2413-2039.16/48.33
Modi, T. (2022). Innovative use of Information and Communications Technology tools in Education Innovation. TECHNO REVIEW Journal of Technology and Management, 1(2), 08–12. https://doi.org/10.31305/trjtm2021.v01.n02.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31305/trjtm2021.v01.n02.002
Natividad, E., Ortal, J. R., Garcia, A., & Sales, M. V. (2024). Effectiveness of ICT integration in improving learners’ performance in the schools division of the city of Batac. Divine Word International Journal of Management and Humanities, 3(3), 937–949. https://doi.org/10.62025/dwijmh.v3i3.86 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62025/dwijmh.v3i3.86
Nirmal, P. B., & Mohsen, B. H. M. (2023). The Contributions of Technologies and ICT Tools for Teaching and Learning Languages (pp. 403–409). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6568-7_37 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6568-7_37
Nuratdinova, J. (2024). TEACHING ENGLISH WITH INTERACTIVE METHODS FOR AGRICULTURAL STUDENTS. TAMADDUN NURI JURNALI, 12(63), 18-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.69691/zj5ypv64
O’Dowd, R., & Vinagre, M. (2024). Virtual Innovation and Support Networks. https://doi.org/10.3726/b21769 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3726/b21769
Ogwu, E. N., Emelogu, N. U., Azor, R. O., & Okwo, F. A. (2022). Educational Technology Adoption in Instructional Delivery in the New Global reality. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 1065–1080. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11203-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11203-4
Oktaviani, H. I., & Utami, D. D. (2024). Development Of Training Programs To Enhance Teachers’ Digital Skills With Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). Journal of Educational Technology Studies and Applied Research., 1(2). https://doi.org/10.70125/jetsar.v1i2y2024a23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.70125/jetsar.v1i2y2024a23
Paul, U. (2024). Exploring the assimilation of self-learning & information and communication technology (ict) in higher education: covid-19 pandemic perspective in india. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16959 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36713/epra16959
Puchaicela Valladarez, M. R., & Brizuela Camacho, S. N. (2024). Gamification in The Teaching-Learning Process of History, to Optimize Pedagogical Strategies in Unified General High School Education. RGSA. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n9-173 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n9-173
Quintos, S. B. (2024). Assessment of the Impact of Technology Integration: Basis for Intervention Framework. American Journal of Education and Technology, 3(3), 102–122. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajet.v3i3.3439 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54536/ajet.v3i3.3439
Raza, T., & Akhter, N. (2024). Harnessing ICT Resources: Empowering Educators and Enhancing Student Skills Through Teacher Training Programs. Deleted Journal, 13(4), 673–688. https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.4.55 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62345/jads.2024.13.4.55
Renacido, J. M. D., & Biray, E. T. (2024). Enhancing Peer Engagement and Student Motivation Through AI-Gamified Interactive Learning Tools. Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design Book Series, 277–342. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8242-4.ch009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8242-4.ch009
Saikia, R. (2023). Use of ICT Tools in Open and Distance Learning System. Research Review International Journal of Multidisciplinary. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n12.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2023.v08.n12.012
Saini, S., Gomis, K., Polychronakis, Y., Saini, M., & Sapountzis, S. (2024). Identifying challenges in implementing digital transformation in UK higher education. Quality Assurance in Education. https://doi.org/10.1108/qae-05-2024-0076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-05-2024-0076
Sanhueza, M., Sandoval, L., Ormazábal, M., & Godoy Zúñiga, M. E. (2024). Effect of a teacher training program with ICT on university students’ learning. Contemporary Educational Technology, 17(1), ep556. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/15745 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/15745
Santos, J., Martins, T. M., Braga, A., Santos, S., Campana, C., Nascimento, J. L. A. do, Wagner, A. F., Maslinkiewicz, A., Trindade, L. dos S., Aguiar, C., Oliveira, J. S. de, Filho, J. M. P., & Lima, L. (2024). Applicability of gamification to the teaching and learning process. Lumen et Virtus, 15(41). https://doi.org/10.56238/levv15n41-073 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56238/levv15n41-073
Shal, T., Ghamrawi, N., & Ghamrawi, N. (2024). Webinars for teacher professional development: perceptions of members of a virtual professional community of practice. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2023.2296645 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2023.2296645
Shih, Y.-C. D. (2017). Instructional Design for the Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-Assisted Intercultural Communication Course. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Ijet), 12(06), 132–139. https://doi.org/10.3991/IJET.V12I06.7083 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i06.7083
Siddiqui, S. (2024). ICT Tools in Education. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i02.17712 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i02.17712
Singleton, J., & Schmidt, A. (2024). Bridging the Digital Divide in Rural America with Superluminal Polarization Current Technology. 319. https://doi.org/10.23919/usnc-ursinrsm60317.2024.10464863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/USNC-URSINRSM60317.2024.10464863
Stana, A., Kosova, R., & Rista, A. (2024). Benefits of using ICT Tools in Higher Education Institutions in Albania. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ciees62939.2024.10811268 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/CIEES62939.2024.10811268
Stoika, O. (2022). Research program of digitalization of teachers’ professional training in some countries of europe. Neperervna Profesìjna Osvìta: Teorìa ì Praktika, 2, 93–99. https://doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2022.2.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.28925/1609-8595.2022.2.11
Storchak, S. N. (2022). ICT Policy, Regulations, and Institutions (pp. 57–81). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2753-9_4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2753-9_4
Sudi, M., Suhada, K., Baharudin, M. Y. S., Irwan, I., & Sudianto, S. (2024). Ethical Challenges in Digital Communications: Online Privacy, Security, and Responsibility. Journal International Dakwah and Communication, 4(1), 212–224. https://doi.org/10.55849/jidc.v4i1.665 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55849/jidc.v4i1.665
Swamy, K., Kopal, S. H., N, S., P, S., & B, Dr. U. (2021). An Effective Practice of ICT Tools in Higher Education to Improve the Teaching Learning Process. Journal of the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 23(06), 940–960. https://doi.org/10.51201/JUSST/21/05368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51201/JUSST/21/05368
Temara, S. (2024). Ethics for responsible data research: integrating cybersecurity perspectives in digital era. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.173386500.05669935/v1
Temara, S. (2024). Ethics for Responsible Data Research: Integrating Cybersecurity Perspectives in Digital Era. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/xsjt7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.173386500.05669935/v1
Vasanth, S., & Sumathi, C. S. (2020). Learning Management Systems through Moodle and Google Classroom for Education. Artificial Intelligence Review, 32–37. https://doi.org/10.9734/AIR/2020/V21I1030249 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/air/2020/v21i1030249
Wigham, C. R., & Jauregi-Ondarra, K. (2023). Teacher training perspectives for virtual exchange: Initial actions from the E-LIVE European project. https://doi.org/10.4995/eurocall2023.2023.16969 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4995/EuroCALL2023.2023.16969
Xu, Q. (2024). The Impact of New Media Technology Applications on Educational Equity in Rural Areas. Education Journal, 13(5), 284–293. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20241305.15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20241305.15
Ymchenko, A. (2022). Changing the paradigm of blended learning in the system of classical education in conditions of the active use of lms moodle and google classroom. Naukovij Žurnal Horticʹkoï Nacìonalʹnoï Akademìï, 2022–7, 112–129. https://doi.org/10.51706/2707-3076-2022-7-12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51706/2707-3076-2022-7-12
Zahutina-Vizer, Y., & Denysiuk, O. (2024). Information and communication technologies in the interdisciplinary interaction of specialists during support of children with special educational needs. Соціальна Робота Та Соціальна Освіта, 2(13), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.2(13).2024.316703 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31499/2618-0715.2(13).2024.316703
Zheng, L., He, A., Feng, Y., Gu, X., & Chen, S. (2024). Steering Through Digital Transformation. Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership Book Series, 251–284. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4119-3.ch010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4119-3.ch010




